https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/europe-espionage-teen-spy/

"The answer to why Moscow has resorted to using untrained agents lies in the mass expulsion of Russian diplomats and operatives from Europe after the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. To plug the hole in their operations, Russian intelligence services have shifted to recruiting common criminals or individuals with little spycraft experience, said a senior NATO official. His statement echoed comments last year from Germany’s domestic security service. Two European security experts said teenagers are recruited because they’re vulnerable, low-cost, and often in need of money."

https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c8d1m86nzygo

and so on, and so forth
https://www.brusselstimes.com/1482866/pro-russian-groups-use-telegram-to-recruit-agents-in-belgium