One day, a trader appeared in a village and announced to the villagers that he would buy monkeys from them for $10. The villagers, seeing how many monkeys there were in the jungle, abandoned their plots and started catching them. A trader bought thousands of monkeys for $10, but the number of monkeys began to dwindle and it became increasingly difficult to catch them.

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Then the trader raised the reward for catching each monkey to $20. So people started catching monkeys again. Soon food was scarce in the village, and the villagers began to return to their fields. The merchant raised the price to $50. However, he had to go to town on business, so he left an assistant in his place.

The assistant gathered all the villagers and offered them a deal: "Look at all these cages with thousands of monkeys you have already caught. I'm willing to give them to you for only $35 dollars, and when the trader comes back, you can sell them to him for $50 apiece!"

The villagers thought, did the math, then gathered all their savings, ran up debts and bought all the monkeys for $700 billion. After that, they never saw the trader and his assistant again. But they were left with large debts and completely unnecessary monkeys.