A permaculture designer creates sustainable ecosystems by mimicking natural patterns. They integrate plants, animals, and landscapes to build resilient, self-sufficient systems that regenerate resources. Using principles like companion planting, water conservation, and soil health, they ensure long-term productivity with minimal external inputs. For example, a food forest layers fruit trees, shrubs, and herbs to maximize yield and biodiversity. Rainwater harvesting and composting further enhance sustainability. The goal is to harmonize human needs with nature, reducing waste and ecological harm.