Vitalii
@fertal
x/async by Warden Protocol: Revolutionizing On-Chain Computation with Asynchronous Execution 1. Introduction: What is x/async and Why Does It Matter? Blockchain applications are often constrained by on-chain computation limits. Heavyweight processing can slow down transactions, increase fees, and hinder scalability. The x/async module in Cosmos SDK, developed as part of the Warden Protocol project, provides a game-changing solution by enabling off-chain asynchronous computation with on-chain result storage. This module enhances blockchain functionality by allowing developers to execute complex computations off-chain while keeping results verifiable and immutable on-chain.
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Vitalii
@fertal
2. Challenges of On-Chain Computation and How x/async Solves Them Traditional on-chain execution faces several limitations: - High network load: On-chain execution requires every validator to process transactions synchronously, increasing the risk of congestion. - Limited processing power: Smart contracts are designed to be lightweight, limiting their ability to handle complex operations like AI processing or large-scale data computations. - Delays in data retrieval: Smart contracts often rely on oracles, which introduce latency and potential security risks. - No built-in access to external APIs: Fetching off-chain data usually requires a centralized intermediary. x/async tackles these issues by enabling off-chain processing while maintaining blockchain security and decentralization.
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Vitalii
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3. Core Concepts of x/async To understand how x/async works, let's break it down into its key components: - Future: A user-defined off-chain computational task that runs asynchronously and stores results on-chain. - Handler: The logic that interprets Future inputs and executes necessary operations. - Prophet: A subprocess running on validator nodes that executes Future tasks and verifies the results.
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Vitalii
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4. What Makes x/async Unique in Blockchain Computing? - First native off-chain computation module for Cosmos SDK - Built-in AI-driven price predictions for DeFi applications - Direct HTTP request execution, allowing smart contracts to interact with external APIs - ABCI 2.0 integration, enabling validators to vote on computation correctness before finalizing results
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Vitalii
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5. Using x/async in Smart Contracts Developers can integrate x/async into EVM smart contracts via the x/async precompile. The process involves: 1. Creating a Future task using `MsgAddFuture`. 2. Specifying an input and selecting a Handler. 3. Waiting for a Prophet to execute the task asynchronously. 4. Retrieving the result once it's stored on-chain. Supported Handlers: - `pricepred` - AI-powered price predictions. - `http` - Fetching data from external APIs.
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Vitalii
@fertal
6. Technical Breakdown: How x/async Works Future Execution Process 1. A user submits a Future request. 2. A validator node detects the request and executes it asynchronously. 3. Once computed, the result is stored on-chain. 4. Other validators verify the correctness via ABCI 2.0 vote extensions. 5. The final result is committed to the blockchain state. Role of Prophets Prophets are responsible for: - Fetching pending Future tasks - Executing associated Handlers - Validating results from other validators - Broadcasting votes for final consensus
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