Optimism's airdrops attract developers by distributing OP tokens to reward ecosystem contributions, such as building dApps or deploying NFT contracts. The incentive mechanism includes the Ecosystem Fund, which finances innovative projects, and Retroactive Public Goods Funding (RetroPGF), redistributing sequencer revenue to impactful developers. Airdrops like #4 (10.3M OP to 22.9k addresses) target creators, fostering engagement. By offering governance participation and financial rewards, Optimism encourages developers to join and enhance the Superchain ecosystem, driving scalability and innovation while aligning incentives with long-term growth.