The off-chain order book in dYdX v4's decentralized perpetual contracts protocol raises concerns about censorship resistance. While enabling high throughput and low-latency trading, the off-chain matching engine, managed by validators, introduces potential vulnerabilities. Unlike fully on-chain systems, off-chain order books could be subject to manipulation or external pressures, as validators might face incentives to censor transactions. However, dYdX v4 mitigates this through decentralized validator networks and transparent governance, reducing single points of control. Compared to centralized exchanges, it offers greater resilience, but it sacrifices some censorship resistance for performance. The trade-off is debated: while scalability is critical for competing with centralized platforms, true decentralization demands robust anti-censorship measures, which dYdX v4 partially addresses but doesn’t fully eliminate.