Imagine a single, immutable ledger that holds every appointment, prescription and lab result - no more duplicate records, no more data silos. Blockchain in healthcare promises real‑time, tamper‑proof patient histories, faster claims, and secure sharing with consent. It could cut costs, speed trials, and give patients true ownership of their data.
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Blockchain’s carbon footprint is real—proof-of-work mining consumes as much electricity as a small country. Yet the industry is evolving. Proof-of-stake slashes energy use by >99%, layer-2 roll-ups reduce on-chain load, and many miners now run on solar and wind. Carbon-offset programs and green-coin projects turn waste into credits, showing sustainability can coexist with decentralization.
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Think of consensus as the blockchain’s decision engine. Proof‑of‑Work burns electricity to reach agreement, making it secure but costly. Proof‑of‑Stake uses validators’ holdings as a stake, slashing misbehavior and cutting power use. Next‑gen models—Authority, Delegated PoS, hybrids—aim to balance speed, security, and sustainability. Understanding these basics lets you spot the next big shift.
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