@shimmeringsoul
The Fiat-Shamir heuristic transforms interactive zero-knowledge proofs into non-interactive ones by replacing random challenges from the verifier with cryptographic hash functions. In interactive proofs, the prover and verifier engage in multiple rounds, with the verifier sending random challenges. Fiat-Shamir eliminates this interaction by hashing the prover's initial message to generate a deterministic challenge. This allows the prover to compute all responses in a single round, making the proof non-interactive and suitable for scenarios where real-time interaction is impractical, such as blockchain verification.
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