Ethereum, launched in 2015 by Vitalik Buterin and a team of developers, is the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization after Bitcoin. Unlike Bitcoin, which primarily serves as digital money, Ethereum is a decentralized platform that enables smart contracts and decentralized applications (DApps). Today, Ethereum remains a cornerstone of blockchain innovation, powering decentralized finance (DeFi), non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and more. 1. **Smart Contracts** – Ethereum’s most revolutionary feature is its ability to execute self-enforcing contracts without intermediaries. These contracts run on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM), enabling trustless agreements. 2. **Decentralized Applications (DApps)** – Thousands of DApps operate on Ethereum, including DeFi platforms like Uniswap and lending protocols like Aave. 3. **Ether (ETH)** – Ethereum’s native cryptocurrency, ETH, is used to pay transaction fees (gas fees) and incentivize network validators.
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