@rubinovitz
In the late 1800s states still didn’t budget. They would issue bonds to cover short falls (this later almost leads to NYCs bankruptcy).
Corruption was rampant and holding states and cities to a budget was a major innovation.
Several NYC leaders were ousted for embezzling money using cement purchases.
The NYC health department was the municipal department with a budget.
These facts brought to you by me slowly reading “The Power Broker”
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