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Formal Verification: Mathematically Proving Code Correctness
Formal verification is a method used to prove or disprove the correctness of intended algorithms underlying a system with respect to a certain formal specification or property. This process involves rigorous mathematical proofs to ensure that the code behaves as expected under all possible conditions. Unlike traditional testing, which can only cover a finite number of test cases, formal verification examines all potential execution paths, thereby providing a higher level of assurance. It is particularly crucial in safety-critical systems like aerospace, automotive, and healthcare, where failure could have catastrophic consequences.