@fibrin
To assess validator centralization risks in proof-of-stake (PoS) chains, consider these factors: 1) Stake Distribution: Analyze the concentration of staked tokens among validators—high concentration signals risk. 2) Validator Count: Fewer active validators increase centralization potential. 3) Economic Incentives: Check if rewards disproportionately favor large stakeholders, discouraging small participants. 4) Governance Power: Assess if a few validators dominate decision-making. 5) Infrastructure Reliance: Examine dependence on centralized cloud providers or geographic clustering. 6) Slashing Risks: Evaluate if harsh penalties deter smaller validators. Use on-chain data (e.g., validator stakes, uptime) and network metrics to quantify these risks. Compare against benchmarks like Ethereum or Cosmos for context. Monitoring trends over time reveals if centralization is worsening.
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